P-160: INVESTIGATION OF THE RADIOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES TO DETECT OSTEOLYTIC LESIONS, FRACTURES, AND OSTEOPOROSIS IN MULTIPLE MYELOMA PATIENTS

Introduction: Multiple myeloma is a malignancy of clonal plasmacytes.Osteolytic lesions represent a criterion for smptomatic myeloma and are associated with bone lose, pathological fractures, and osteoporosis. Skeletal surveys with other sophisticated techniques and dual energy x- ray absorptiometry (DEXA) are used to screen lytic lesions and bone mineral loss, respectively. Here, we aimed to investigate the rates of detection regarding osteolytic lesions and bone mineral loss by several imaging techniques.

Methods: The Study was carried out in Adnan Menderes University Hospital /Turkey between the years 2004-2022. Three hundred and ten symptomatic myeloma patients were creened retrospectively. The results of radiological techniques were recorded. The detection rate of osteolytic lesions, fractures, and plasmacytomas by imagingtechniques, as well as bone mineral loss with DEXA wasrecorded. Also, associations with gender, myelomatype, lytic lesions, and osteoporosis were investigated

Results: Skeletal survey ant PET- CT detected lytic lesions in 71,3% and 81,2 % of patients, respectively. PET-CT had a sensitivity of 96,1% and specificity 90,6% to detect lytic lesions. MRI was only used for patients eith suspicious fractures and detected them for all patients who underwent MRI. The osteoporosis rate was 83,1 % for 113 patients who underwent DEXA. Any association between lytic lesions and gender/myeloma ytpe was not detected.

Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that osteolytic lesions are not correlated with gender or myeloma type. PET-CT is a sensitive and specific method for detecting osteolytic lesions. Although DEXA is sensitive , its specificity is limited to detect osteoporosis in patients with lytic lesions.