P-106: Assessment of quality of life, frailty, socioeconomic status and clinical characteristics of patients with multiple myeloma

Introduction: Multiple Myeloma (MM) is more prevalent in the elderly population, with great morbidity and impact on patient's quality of life (QoL).
The new advances in treatment shown recently do not benefit all patients, as socioeconomic inequality in access to diagnosis and treatment has been described, especially in countries like Brazil.
At the same time, the elderly population has a higher rate of comorbidities and frailty, which can impact the choice of treatment, the intensity of adverse effects and the perception of QoL.

Methods: This is a prospective study of patients over 18 years old with MM diagnosed since 03/01/2023 at Hospital Universitário Pedro Ernesto (HUPE).
Clinical and sociodemographic data are collected from medical records. The International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) Frailty Score for each patient is calculated.
The EORTC QLQC30 generic quality of life questionnaire and the QLQ-MY20 multiple myeloma specific QoL module are applied at diagnosis, at the end of chemotherapy and after 100 days of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Responses to treatment are assessed according to the response assessment criteria suggested by the IMWG.
The collected data is analyzed in SPSS 21. Descriptive analysis will be carried out and associations between QoL, socioeconomic status (SS), education, frailty, severity of presentation, clinical outcomes and QoL will be verified.

Results: To date, data has been collected from 31 patients.
60.7% are female, the median age at diagnosis is 65.5 years and the median time from onset of symptoms to diagnosis is 9.5 months.
Approximately 74% were classified as social class C or lower, and 34.7% were classified as illiterate/incomplete elementary school. The distance between the patient's residence and the treatment site had a median of 30.5 (Km).
Around 41% of patients were considered frail according to the IMWG frailty score.
15 (53.5%) patients were treated with VCD protocol and 13 (46.5%) with VTD protocol. The overall response rate was 85.7%, 75% of which were Very Good Partial Response (VGPR) or higher. There have been 2 documented relapses.
As of EORTC QLQC30, the median functionality score was 71.1 at diagnosis and 75.5 at the end of treatment (EOT). Patients also showed gains in QoL (median from 58.3 to 75). The scale of general symptoms had a median of 25.6 at diagnosis and 20.5 at EOT.
Regarding the specific MM module, there was a reduction in the scale of symptoms related to the disease (median of 16.6 at diagnosis and 14.7 at EOT) as well as a gain in functionality (median of 58.3 at diagnosis and 66.6 at EOT).

Conclusions: The results of the QoL scores seem to show a trend towards improved functionality, less symptom burden and better quality of life throughout treatment.
Throughout the study, it is still expected to observe a correlation between frailty, SS and its relationship with the kinetics of QoL during treatment.